Noninvasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure by covid-19: A retrospective study of the feasibility, safety and outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) are the main forms of treatment for acute respiratory failure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect, safety, and applicability of the NIV and HFNC in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) caused by COVID-19. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we monitored the effect of NIV and HFNC on the SpO2 and respiratory rate before, during, and after treatment, length of stay, rates of endotracheal intubation, and mortality in patients with AHRF caused by COVID-19. Additionally, data regarding RT-PCR from physiotherapists who were directly involved in assisting COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19. RESULTS: 62.2 % of patients were treated with HFNC. ROX index increased during and after NIV and HFNC treatment (P < 0.05). SpO2 increased during NIV treatment (P < 0.05), but was not maintained after treatment (P = 0.17). In addition, there was no difference in the respiratory rate during or after the NIV (P = 0.95) or HFNC (P = 0.60) treatment. The mortality rate was 35.7 % for NIV vs 21.4 % for HFNC (P = 0.45), while the total endotracheal intubation rate was 57.1 % for NIV vs 69.6 % for HFNC (P = 0.49). Two adverse events occurred during treatment with NIV and eight occurred during treatment with HFNC. There was no difference in the physiotherapists who tested positive for SARS-COV-2 directly involved in assisting COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 ones (P = 0.81). CONCLUSION: The application of NIV and HFNC in the critical care unit is feasible and associated with favorable outcomes. In addition, there was no increase in the infection of physiotherapists with SARS-CoV-2.

Modelos preditivos para o uso problemático de álcool entre universitários da saúde / Predictive models for the problematic use of alcohol among healthcare university students / Modelos predictivos para el uso problemático del alcohol entre las universidades de salud

OBJETIVO: identificar a prevalência e os preditores para o uso problemático de álcool entre estudantes universitários da área da saúde. Estudo transversal, realizado com 1.497 universitários de 11 cursos da saúde, na região metropolitana de Cuiabá-MT, Brasil. MÉTODO: utilizou-se o Teste para Identificação de Problemas Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool. Aplicou-se a regressão de Poisson e estimou-se a Razão de Prevalência. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de uso problemático de álcool foi de 23,6%. Identificou-se consumo problemático de álcool entre homens, solteiros, que moravam sozinhos, que se consideravam agressivos e que usavam o álcool em momentos festivos para relaxar, ter prazer e melhorar a interação social. Aquele que morava com cônjuge e/ou filhos, estava no 2º ano do curso, não percebeu mudanças no padrão de consumo na faculdade; o não participante de atléticas, que se considerava calmo e introvertido e bebia por problemas ou "nervosismo" apresentou uso problemático de álcool menos frequente. CONCLUSÃO: a busca por socialização influencia o uso de álcool entre universitários. Sugere-se que a manutenção do padrão de consumo anterior ao início da graduação os protege. Os modelos são multideterminados e requerem de instituições de ensino, entidades estudantis e equipes de saúde ações oportunas.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the prevalence and predictors for the problematic use of alcohol among university students in the health area. Cross-sectional study, conducted with 1,497 university students from 11 health courses, in the metropolitan region of Cuiabá-MT, Brazil. METHOD: The Test for Identification of Problems Related to the Use of Alcohol was used. Poisson regression was applied and the Prevalence Ratio was estimated. RESULTS: the prevalence of problematic alcohol use was 23.6%. Problematic alcohol consumption was identified among men, single, who lived alone, who considered themselves aggressive and who used alcohol in festive moments to relax, have pleasure and improve social interaction. The one who lived with spouse and/or children, was in the 2nd year of the course, did not notice changes in the pattern of consumption in college; the non-participant of athletics, who considered himself calm and introverted and drank for problems or "nervousness" presented less frequent problematic use of alcohol. CONCLUSION: the search for socialization influences the use of alcohol among university students. It is suggested that the maintenance of the consumption pattern prior to the beginning of graduation protects them. The models are multi-determined and require, from educational institutions, student entities and health teams, timely actions.

OBJETIVO: identificar la prevalencia y los predictores del consumo problemático de alcohol entre estudiantes universitarios en el campo de la salud. MÉTODO: estudio transversal, realizado con 1.497 estudiantes universitarios de 11 cursos de salud, em región metropolitana de Cuiabá-MT, Brasil. Se utilizó la prueba para identificar problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol. Se aplicó la regresión de Poisson y se estimó la razón de prevalencia. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia del consumo problemático de alcohol fue del 23,6%. El consumo problemático de alcohol se identificó entre hombres, personas solteras, que vivían solos, que se consideraban agresivos y que usaban alcohol en momentos festivos, para relajarse, disfrutar y mejorar la interacción social. El que vivía con un cónyuge y/o hijos, estaba en el segundo año del curso, no notó cambios en el patrón de consumo en la universidad; quien no participó en el deporte, quien se consideró tranquilo e introvertido y bebió debido a problemas o "nerviosismo" presentó protección para el uso de alcohol. CONCLUSIÓN: La búsqueda de la socialización influye en el consumo de alcohol entre los estudiantes universitarios. Se sugiere que mantener el patrón de consumo antes del comienzo de la graduación los protege. Los modelos son múltiples y requieren una acción oportuna por parte de las instituciones educativas, los cuerpos estudiantiles y los equipos de salud.

Hallazgos en tomografía computada de las complicaciones de la pancreatitis aguda / Findings of Acute Pancreatitis Complications on CT

Resumen La pancreatitis aguda es una patología inflamatoria del páncreas que se caracteriza por dolor abdominal y elevación de los niveles séricos de amilasa. Desde el punto de vista imagenológico, se la estudia con tomografía computada (TC), siendo esa la modalidad de elección para evaluar la extensión y la localización de las complicaciones. Según la gravedad, el tiempo de evolución y la extensión, hay distintos tipos de complicaciones y una variedad de hallazgos en TC.

Abstract Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory pathology of the pancreas characterized by abdominal pain and elevated levels of serum amylase. In radiology, it is studied with computed tomography (CT), which is the preferred method to evaluate the extent and location of complications. Depending on the severity, time of evolution, and extent, there are different types of complications and a variety of findings on the CT scan.

Extended-time of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Improves Tissue Perfusion after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of extended- versus short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on pulmonary function, tissue perfusion, and clinical outcomes in the early postoperative period following coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with preserved left ventricular function. METHODS: Patients were randomized into two groups according to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation intensity: short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=20 (S-NPPV) and extended-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=21 (E-NPPV). S-NPPV was applied for 60 minutes during immediate postoperative period and 10 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. E-NPPV was performed for at least six hours during immediate postoperative period and 60 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. As a primary outcome, tissue perfusion was determined by central venous oxygen saturation and blood lactate level measured after anesthetic induction, immediately after extubation and following noninvasive positive pressure ventilation protocols. As a secondary outcome, pulmonary function tests were performed preoperatively and in the postoperative days 1, 3, and 5; clinical outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Significant drop in blood lactate levels and an improvement in central venous oxygen saturation values in the E-NPPV group were observed when compared with S-NPPV group after study protocol (P<0.01). The E-NPPV group presented higher preservation of postoperative pulmonary function as well as lower incidence of respiratory events and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Prophylactic E-NPPV administered in the early postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery resulted in greater improvements in tissue perfusion, pulmonary function and clinical outcomes than S-NPPV, in patients with preserved left ventricular function. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical trial - RBR7sqj78 - http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br.

Extended-time of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improves tissue perfusion after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Objective: To compare the effects of extended- versus short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on pulmonary function, tissue perfusion, and clinical outcomes in the early postoperative period following coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Methods: Patients were randomized into two groups according to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation intensity: short-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=20 (S-NPPV) and extended-time noninvasive positive pressure ventilation n=21 (E-NPPV). S-NPPV was applied for 60 minutes during immediate postoperative period and 10 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. E-NPPV was performed for at least six hours during immediate postoperative period and 60 minutes, twice daily, from postoperative days 1-5. As a primary outcome, tissue perfusion was determined by central venous oxygen saturation and blood lactate level measured after anesthetic induction, immediately after extubation and following noninvasive positive pressure ventilation protocols. As a secondary outcome, pulmonary function tests were performed preoperatively and in the postoperative days 1, 3, and 5; clinical outcomes were recorded. Results: Significant drop in blood lactate levels and an improvement in central venous oxygen saturation values in the E-NPPV group were observed when compared with S-NPPV group after study protocol (P<0.01). The E-NPPV group presented higher preservation of postoperative pulmonary function as well as lower incidence of respiratory events and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prophylactic E-NPPV administered in the early postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery resulted in greater improvements in tissue perfusion, pulmonary function and clinical outcomes than S-NPPV, in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Trial Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical trial - RBR7sqj78 - http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br

Tumor fibroso solitario y síndrome Doege-Potter / Solitary fibrous tumor and Doege-Potter syndrome

El tumor fibroso solitario es raro. Si bien su localización más frecuente es la pleura, han sido informados algunos casos de ubicación retroperitoneal. Es difícil diferenciarlo imagenológicamente de otras neoplasias, por lo que casi siempre el diagnóstico es histológico. Dado que los tumores fibrosos solitarios tienen presentaciones clínicas muy diversas, una mejor compresión de la ubicación y sus características imagenológicas ayudaría a abreviar la lista de diagnósticos diferenciales. Comunicamos un tumor fibroso solitario de localización retroperitoneal cuyo diagnóstico fue confirmado por examen histológico.

The solitary fibrous tumor is uncommon. Even though it frequently locates in the pleura, a few cases have been reported in the retroperitoneum. Differentiation from other neoplasms is difficult, and therefore the diagnosis is always attained through histological examination. Although solitary fibrous tumors have variable clinical behaviors, a better comprehension of the location and its imaging characteristics would help to decrease the list of differential diagnoses. We report a solitary fibrous tumor located in the retroperitoneum whose diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination.

[Solitary fibrous tumor and Doege-Potter syndrome]. / Tumor fibroso solitario y síndrome Doege-Potter.

The solitary fibrous tumor is uncommon. Even though it frequently locates in the pleura, a few cases have been reported in the retroperitoneum. Differentiation from other neoplasms is difficult, and therefore the diagnosis is always attained through histological examination. Although solitary fibrous tumors have variable clinical behaviors, a better comprehension of the location and its imaging characteristics would help to decrease the list of differential diagnoses. We report a solitary fibrous tumor located in the retroperitoneum whose diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination.

Treatment of D alloimmunization in pregnancy with plasmapheresis and intravenous immune globulin: case report.

The prevalence of D alloimmunization occurs between 0.15% and 0.4%. The anti-D can cross the placenta and cause hemolysis and fetal anemia. At present, a Doppler study of the middle cerebral artery allows the monitoring of the degree of fetal anemia. The treatment in cases of moderate to severe anemia in fetuses of less than 34-35 weeks of gestation is intrauterine transfusion via cordocentesis. However, with high titers of anti-D, in the absence of fetal anemia it is possible to modulate the maternal immune response by plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin administration. We present a case report of an Rh(D) alloimmunized pregnancy treated with plasmapheresis followed by intravenous immunoglobulin administration. We performed a caesarean section at 31 weeks, 5 days of gestation. The hemoglobin at birth was 13.8 g/dl and hematocrit 40.8%. Intrauterine transfusion was not necessary.

Eficácia da terapia manual craniana em mulheres com cefaléia / Cranium manual therapy effectiveness in women with headache

Objetivou-se investigar, em mulheres com cefaléia, a eficácia da terapia manual craniana sobre a intensidade, frequência e intensidade da dor, bem como na qualidade de vida e depressão. A amostra foi composta por 37 pacientes com cefaléia crônica, divididas aleatoriamente em grupo tratamento...

The aim of this study was to investigate, in women with migraine, the efficacy of cranium manual therapy on to the intensity, frequency, and duration of pain, as well as on qualify of life and depression...

Estratégias de fortalecimento da adesão de pais a um programa de avaliação de lactentes / Strategies of strengthening the adhesion of parents to an infant developmental asessment program

Programas de avaliação de lactentes são importantes, mas para o seu sucesso devem contar com a participação dos pais ou responsável para trazer o bebê para avaliação. Assim, buscou-se avaliar estratégias de fortalecimento da adesão de pais em programa de avaliação infantil. A investigação vem sendo desenvolvida com pais de bebês que participam da pesquisa "Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor no primeiro ano de vida de lactentes de termo, pequenos para a idade gestacional e sua correlação com fluxo sanguíneo cerebral por ultra-sonografia Doppler", desenvolvida por pesquisadores do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Avaliação do Desenvolvimento Infantil (GIADI), da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Area de Neonatologia do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM) da Unicamp. Utilizando-se um roteiro com questões abertas, foram realizadas entrevistas para a coleta dos dados quando os pais trazem o bebê para uma avaliações. Os dados coletados são de natureza qualitativa.